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Build a cleaner transportation system through vehicle electrification, efficiency and fuel switching, public transit, active transportation, and land-use planning.

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414 resources

Resource States and State Governments

RMI report, State Energy Policy in a Land of New Federal Opportunity

The Rocky Mountain Institute offers this 2024 guide to new and expanded federal funding programs, and highlights opportunities for states to pass and pay for clean energy policies. The report highligh...
Example States and State Governments

Colorado Legislation for E-Bike, Diesel Truck Replacement, Electric School Buses, and Clean Air Grants

In June 2022, the Colorado legislature passed SB193, establishing grant programs for replacing diesel trucks ($15M), purchasing electric school buses ($65M), the purchase of E-Bikes ($12M), and a gene...
Example States and State Governments

Oregon’s SB 1044

Oregon’s SB 1044 requires the Oregon Department of Energy to develop recommend strategies to the legislature to spur EV adoption, if it determines the state is not on track to meet its goals. It would...
Example Local Governments

Minneapolis 2040 Plan

The Minneapolis 2040 plan approved by their City Council in 2018 will upzone nearly the entire city, allowing taller buildings with more units, eliminate off-street parking requirements throughout the...
Example States and State Governments

New Jersey’s Model Statewide Municipal EV Ordinance

In September 2021, New Jersey promulgated a statewide municipal ordinance streamlining the local approval process for installing charging infrastructure. The model ordinance, which provides minimum re...
Example Public Utilities

Illinois Transportation Electrification Proceeding

In furtherance of a 2018 Transportation Electrification proceeding, the Illinois Commerce Commission opened a 2020 Notice of Inquiry to explore electricity rate design options related to the adoption ...
Example States and State Governments

Delaware Clean Vehicle Rebate Program

The Delaware Clean Vehicle Rebate Program offers incentives up to $3,500 for EVs, as well as lesser rebates for hybrids and natural gas vehicles.
Example Executive Branch

Los Angeles Air Force Base Vehicle-to-Grid Pilot

In 2013, a small fleet at the Los Angeles Air Force Base was the testbed for a successful vehicle-to-grid services pilot. The vehicles provided services over five minute intervals to balance energy su...
Resource Local Governments

Local Government Plug-in Electric Vehicle Toolkit

This toolkit from the Tahoe Regional Planning Agency provides an overview of the key considerations for local governments who are seeking to support the deployment of PEV charging infrastructure.
Resource Congress

CORSIA

In 2016, ICAO adopted the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA), under which it aims to ensure any rise in international aviation emissions above 2020 levels are a...
Example Local Governments

Oakland Home Occupation Zoning

Oakland’s Planning Code allows both live/work and work/live units, depending on whether the primary use is residential or nonresidential. These units are permitted within the mixed-use districts and m...
Resource States and State Governments

Report, Getting to 20 Million EVs by 2030: Opportunities for the Electricity Industry in Preparing for an EV Future

This 2020 Brattle Group presentation provides an assessment of the investments needed across the electric power sector to support the deployment of 20 million EVs in the U.S. by 2030 with a focus on E...
Example Local Governments

St. Anthony ID’s Mixed Use Zoning

St. Anthony’s municipal code allows mixed-use zones to provide for commercial aspects in neighborhood centers. Mixed-use districts are divided into low and moderate intensity, depending on the degree ...
Resource US Ports

Green Marine

Green Marine is North America’s largest voluntary environmental certification program for the maritime industry. Participants are shipowners, ports, terminals, Seaway corporations and shipyards. To re...
Model Law Congress

LPDD Model Law: Reduction of Arctic Shipping Emissions that Lead to Warming Act

As new shipping lanes emerge in the Arctic, concerns over the use of Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) as a fuel source in Arctic waters compound — particularly insofar as HFO emissions cause local black carbon po...
Example Private Entities

Clean Shipping Index

The Clean Shipping Index is an independent labelling system of vessels’ environmental performance, providing a practical tool for differentiating port- and fairway fees or choosing more sustainable sh...
Example States and State Governments

New Jersey’s S2252 (2020)

New Jersey’s S2252 establishes a Statewide public plug-in electric vehicle charging system. The bill directs a working group of state agencies to develop a Statewide plan for installing at least 600 p...
Model Law States and State Governments

LPDD Model Law: State Tax Credits for EV Charging Stations

This model law would establish a credit against state income tax and further incentivize the development of EV charging infrastructure in the state. The model law provides for different levels of tax ...
Example States and State Governments

Massachusetts 2050 Decarbonization Roadmap

Under the framework of Massachusetts’ Global Warming Solutions Act, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts has committed to achieving Net Zero GHG emissions by 2050. Commissioned by the Executive Office of...
Example States and State Governments

Connecticut’s SB 4

In May 2022, Connecticut passed legislation addressing government EV fleets, charging rights, and distributed solar rights. On government fleets, SB4 (2022) sets a requirement for state vehicle fleets...
Example States and State Governments

EVolve NY

Through EVolve NY, the New York Power Authority will invest up to $250 million through 2025 to increase charging infrastructure, aiming to put fast electric charging infrastructure every 30-50 miles o...
Resource Local Governments

FHA Congestion Pricing Primer

The Federal Highway Administration’s 2006 primer on congestion pricing addresses methodology and best practices.
Example Local Governments

Los Angeles’ Transit-Oriented Districts

Los Angeles’ Code of Ordinances encourages affordable housing within transit-oriented districts by providing developers with height, density, and parking flexibility. The City has promulgated technica...
Example States and State Governments

California’s Clean Off-Road Equipment Voucher Incentive Project

In 2020, the California Air Resource Board launched the Clean Off-Road Equipment Voucher Incentive Project (CORE), which offers vouchers of up to $500,000 per vehicle for businesses interested in buyi...
Example Local Governments

Arcadia’s EV-Ready Ordinance

Arcadia’s Code of Ordinances (2018) provides that in the Site Plan and Design Review process, the responsible Reviewing Authority has authority to require that parking facilities be provided to accomm...
Resource States and State Governments

ACEEE Report, Siting Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment with Equity in Mind

This April 2021 report from ACEEE analyzes the extent to which states and utilities are including equity in their EVSE siting and offers considerations to help ensure the benefits of transportation el...
Example Executive Branch

EPA’s New Emissions Standards for Heavy-Duty Vehicles

In January 2023, the Environmental Protection Agency finalized stricter emissions standards for heavy-duty vehicles. The agency’s new rule, part of its larger Clean Trucks Plan, is the first time poll...
Resource States and State Governments

California’s Autonomous EV Mandate

This bill requires, beginning January 1, 2030, an autonomous vehicle operating on a public road in California to be a zero-emission vehicle. It was signed into law in September 2021. By confronting th...
Example Local Governments

Mountlake Terrace EV Infrastructure Building Requirements

Mountlake Terrace’s Municipal Code (2010) requires a minimum percentage of parking spaces be equipped with EV infrastructure on new and improved developments over 10,000 sf. The required percentage of...
Example Executive Branch

FHWA GHG Planning Requirements

In November 2023, the Federal Highway Administration announced a greenhouse gas rule that will require state and local transportation officials to set declining emissions targets for road projects fun...
Resource Private Entities

Oneworld Initiative

Oneworld member airlines have committed to net zero carbon emissions by 2050, becoming the first global airline alliance to unite behind a common target to achieve carbon neutrality. The alliance’s 13...
Example Foreign

Canadian Federal Feebate

In March 2007, the Canadian Government announced the Vehicle Efficiency Incentive (VEI) program, which contained an “ecoAuto” rebate for up to $2,000 CAD for purchases of fuel-efficient vehicles and a...
Example States and State Governments

Virginia EV-Ready Public Building Code

Virginia adopted EV-Ready building standards for new county, city, town, or school buildings larger than 5,000 square feet.
Resource Foreign

Report, Carbon Taxation for International Maritime Fuels

The IMF’s 2018 report, Carbon Taxation for International Maritime Fuels: Assessing the Options considers the carbon tax as a key element of GHG mitigation policy for international maritime transport. ...
Model Law Congress

LPDD Model Law: Federal Hydrogen Refueling Station Funding Act

The lack of infrastructure for out-of-state travel is a major impediment to the adoption of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs), and there is a need to increase the number of hydrogen fueling stations...
Resource Congress

The Inflation Reduction Act

New: The Sabin Center for Climate Change Law and Environmental Defense Fund are announcing the launch of an additional resource on the Inflation Reduction Act Tracker website: the IRA litigation case ...
Resource Congress

Proposal for a Frequent Flyer Levy

Fellow Travelers’ Proposal for a Frequent Flyer Levy suggested a taxation scheme in the UK whereby each citizen is granted one tax free return flight per year (for equity reasons), but frequent flyers...
Resource Local Governments

Local Government Playbook: How Counties, Cities, and Towns Can Support EV Infrastructure and Leverage Federal Investments

A December 2022 from the Electrification Coalition, a nonpartisan organization that promotes the adoption of EVs, lays out a road map for city and county governments to follow to expand access to elec...
Model Law States and State Governments

MCLI Model Law - Tax Credits for Clean Freight Vehicles

For most states, the transportation sector is one of the largest sources of greenhouse gas and other air pollutant emissions. Heavy-duty freight trucks and delivery vehicles are a significant contribu...
Resource Congress

The American Clean Energy and Security Act

The proposed American Clean Energy and Security Act (2009) would have included requirements that petroleum-based liquid fuel producers, including aviation fuel, buy carbon permits. The Boxer-Kerry Sen...
Resource Public Utilities

RAP Report, Start with Smart

The Regulatory Assistance Project’s 2020 report, Start with Smart: Promising practices for integrating electric vehicles into the grid, outlines policies that can promote the use of EVs on the grid, a...
Example Local Governments

Seattle’s Drive Clean Initiative and EV-Ready Codes

Seattle’s Drive Clean Initiative is working to develop a network of off-street charging station clusters, and promote an EV charging pilot program that allows the installation an Electric Vehicle (EV)...
Resource States and State Governments

ZEV Task Force Action Plan for Heavy-Duty Zero-Emissions Vehicles

Nearly 20 states and jurisdictions have signed on to an action plan striving for 100% electric medium and heavy-duty vehicle sales by 2050. The plan, released in July 2022, includes policy recommendat...
Example States and State Governments

Maryland Electric School Bus Pilot

Maryland’s HB 696 (2022) establishes an Electric School Bus (ESB) pilot program administered by the Public Service Commission. Under the program, a utility may apply to implement a pilot program to de...
Example States and State Governments

Florida’s SB 7018 (2020)

Florida’s SB 7018 (2020) requires the Florida Department of Transportation, in coordination with the Public Service Commission and the Office of Energy within the Department of Agriculture and Consume...
Example States and State Governments

California’s 100% Electric School Bus Mandate, and Lease Term Extensions

In September 2023, California passed a law requiring that 100% of all newly purchased or contracted school buses be zero-emission vehicles, where feasible, by 2035. The law also solves a common hurdle...
Example Public Utilities

New York’s Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Make-Ready Program (2020)

In July 2020, the NY Public Service Commission approved a $700 million program funded by electric bills to help build more than 55,000 chargers by paying a portion of the transmission upgrades and sit...
Example States and State Governments

New Hampshire’s SB 575 and Time of Use Rates for EVs

On August 11, 2018, New Hampshire’s SB 575, a bill establishing requirements for, and restrictions on, electric vehicle charging stations, went into effect. SB 575 required the state’s Public Utility ...
Example Congress

Better Utilizing Investments to Leverage Development Transportation Discretionary Grant program

The Better Utilizing Investments to Leverage Development (BUILD) Transportation Discretionary Grant program, provides investment in road, rail, transit and port projects. Congress has dedicated nearly...
Example Local Governments

California’s Clean Vehicle Rebate Project

California’s Clean Vehicle Rebate Project extends traditional rebates to private purchasers of EVs to public entities operating light duty vehicles, while funds are available. Standard funding amounts...
Resource Congress

The International Sustainability and Carbon Certification Scheme

The ISCC is a multi-stakeholder initiative that provides two different certification schemes that cover biofuels: ISCC EU (compliant with EU requirements like the Renewable Energy Directive and the Fu...
Resource States and State Governments

Report on Colorado Zero Emission Vehicle Program

The Environmental Defense Fund prepared a 2019 study on the impacts of Colorado adopting ZEV standards in line with California’s ZEV regulation, finding that the program would save Coloradans up to $6...
Resource Private Entities

Texas A&M Study on Heavy Duty Vehicle Emissions Measurement

In 2012, the Texas A&M Transportation Institute conducted a pilot study assessing the applicability of the On-Road Heavy-Duty Emissions Measurement System (OHMS) to a potential heavy-duty diesel I/M p...
Model Law States and State Governments

LPDD Model Law: State Demand Charges Legislation

In many jurisdictions, the current rate structure for electrical service discourages the development of high-performing DC fast chargers for electric vehicles. Electricity bills in those jurisdictions...
Model Law Congress

LPDD Model Law: Arctic Shipping Tax Act

Unfortunately, thinning polar sea ice presents a significant commercial opportunity for the international shipping industry, as the opening of new Arctic routes has the potential to dramatically short...
Example US Ports

Port of Vancouver EcoAction Program

Under the Port of Vancouver EcoAction Program, vessels that have a Greenhouse Gas Emissions Rating of A, B or C are given harbour due rate discounts of up to 47%.
Model Law States and State Governments

LPDD Model Law: State Statute on HOV Lane Benefits

State governments can encourage the purchase of “super ultra-low emission vehicles” or “SULEVs” by allowing such SULEVs to use high occupancy vehicle or HOV lanes without regard to the number of passe...
Example States and State Governments

California’s Sustainable Communities and Climate Protection Law

California’s Sustainable Communities and Climate Protection Law (SB 375) requires GHG emission targets to be set for passenger vehicles and light trucks for each metropolitan planning area in the stat...
Resource Executive Branch

Report, ECP Brake System for Freight Service

The Federal Railroad Administration has published a report estimating that electronically controlled pneumatic (ECP) braking technology would reduce locomotive fuel use 5% to 10%.
Resource Executive Branch

DOE’s 21st Century Truck Partnership and Vehicle Technologies Office

DOE’s 21st Century Truck Partnership and Vehicle Technologies Office has partnered with industry, other federal agencies, and national laboratories on researching the next generation of HDV technologi...
Example States and State Governments

Washington’s 2030 Gas-Powered Car Phaseout Bill

In March, 2022, Washington State enacted a bill requiring a planning process aiming to prohibit the sale or registration of gas-powered vehicles in the state by 2030, the fastest such target in the na...
Model Law States and State Governments

LPDD Model Law: Electric Bike Rebates

Since E Bikes are orders of magnitude less expensive than other types of AFVs, government subsidies aimed at increasing E Bike mode share could achieve GHG reductions at a relatively modest cost. More...
Example States and State Governments

Colorado’s SB 167

Colorado authorizes EV manufacturers that have no existing dealer franchise to be able to sell their vehicles directly to customers.
Example States and State Governments

Carl Moyer Memorial Air Quality Standards Attainment Program

While certain federal preemptions on regulating emissions at freight terminals apply, California has nonetheless provided $60 million per year in grant funding to fleets of three or fewer vehicles tha...
Resource Congress

Clean Air Act § 213

See CAA 213, 42 USC 7547 for relevant sections of the CAA allowing EPA to set emissions standards for new locomotives, including subsection (a)(5) exempting locomotives from the endangerment finding p...
Resource Executive Branch

White House Ocean Climate Action Plan

In March 2023, the White House Ocean Policy Committee released an Ocean Climate Action Plan (OCAP). The plan sets three overall goals: creating a carbon-neutral future; accelerating nature-based solut...
Example States and State Governments

Colorado EO on Aligning Housing Policy with Climate Goals

An August 2023 Executive Order out of Colorado declares that it is state policy to align Colorado’s population growth with climate, water and other goals by reducing sprawl, encouraging denser communi...
Resource Public Utilities

Report, Critical Elements of Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Economics

A 2017 NREL report, Critical Elements of Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Economics, surveys critical elements of V2G economics, including the elements and costs of a V2G system, V2G revenue-generating services ...
Resource Executive Branch

California’s In-Use Locomotive Regulation

In April 2023, California’s Air Resources Board (CARB) approved a first-in-the-nation rule limiting rail pollution. The rule will ban locomotive engines more than 23 years old by 2030 and increase the...
Example States and State Governments

California AB 841

Requires not less than 35% of the investments through existing electric vehicles charging infrastructure funding streams to be deployed in underserved communities, as defined. The bill also requires a...
Example Local Governments

Charlotte Shared Streets Initiative

The City of Charlotte launched the Charlotte Shared Streets initiative to support social distancing and pedestrian/bicycle safety during the COVID-19 crisis. Shared Streets are streets that are tempor...
Resource States and State Governments

Virginia’s Advanced Clean Cars Program

In March 2021, Virginia adopted HB1965, creating an Advanced Clean Cars Program. This bill expands the powers and duties of the State Air Pollution Control Board relating to low emissions vehicles (LE...
Example States and State Governments

New Jersey Law on EV Charging in Common Interest Developments

New Jersey’s A3367 (2020) establishes standards to encourage the installation and use of electric vehicle (EV) charging stations in common interest communities. Specifically, the bill prohibits common...
Resource States and State Governments

Motor Fuel Tax Information by State

The Federation of Tax Administrators published a September 2017 report summarizing Motor Fuel Tax Information by State. As of that publication, four states had exempted aviation fuel generally from ta...
Example States and State Governments

California Ban on Parking Requirements Near Transit

In September 2022, California passed a law barring local governments from imposing parking requirements at housing, retail and other commercial developments within a half-mile of major public transit ...
Resource States and State Governments

Rhode Island’s EV Charger Rebate Program

Rhode Island recently launched a new rebate program to encourage the installation of EV charging infrastructure on residential properties. The PowerUpRI initiative will provide the lesser of $700 or 5...
Resource States and State Governments

RAP report, Insights for States Preparing for Electric Transportation

RAP’s 2020 report, Taking First Steps: Insights for States Preparing for Electric Transportation, surveys topics of concern for states trying to increase electric vehicle penetration, including managi...
Model Law States and State Governments

LPDD Model Law: State Statute Providing Rebates for Electric Vehicles

The LPDD team drafted the attached model state statute offering rebates for purchases of battery electric vehicles (“BEVs”) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (“PHEVs”) (collectively “EVs”) with a m...
Example States and State Governments

Colorado Law on Housing Density Near Transit

Colorado’s HB 1313 (2024) defines “transit-oriented communities,” and encourages the development of more housing near transit and commercial centers by requiring these urban communities to set housing...
Example States and State Governments

New Jersey’s S3223 (2021)

New Jersey’s S3223 (2021) provides that electric vehicle charging infrastructure is an inherently beneficial use pursuant to the “Municipal Land Use Law,” may require minor site plan approval from the...
Resource Private Entities

Poseidon Principles

The Poseidon Principles establish a global framework for assessing and disclosing the climate alignment of ship finance portfolios through four main principles: assessment, accountability, enforcement...
Example Local Governments

Mount Dora FL’s Mixed-Use Transitional Zoning

Mount Dora’s Land Use Development Code establishes mixed-use transitional districts and a mixed-use downtown district to encourage a pedestrian environment and reduce automobile trips.
Example Local Governments

Portland’s Zero Emissions Delivery Zone

In 2023, the U.S. Department of Transportation awarded the Portland Bureau of Transportation (PBOT) a SMART Grant to pilot a Zero-Emission Delivery Zone and test digital infrastructure tools. This pro...
Example States and State Governments

New Jersey’s Repair-Oriented Transportation Planning Requirement

New Jersey requires its transportation department to submit a capital spending plan emphasizing road and bridge repair and demonstrating annual progress towards meeting repair goals (ch. 73, 2000 NJ L...
Example Local Governments

Nashville’s Green Fleet Requirements

Nashville has established a fleet electrification program requiring that all motor vehicles owned by the metropolitan government be zero-emission vehicles by the year 2050. The enacting ordinance puts...
Resource States and State Governments

Massachusetts’ Proposed S. 2476 (2020)

Massachusetts’ proposed S. 2476 (2020) would compel the conversion of all MBTA buses to 100% electric by 2030. The legislation goes further, requiring the MBTA to have a completely zero emissions flee...
Example Local Governments

Minneapolis Repeals Parking Requirements

In 2021, Minneapolis eliminated minimum parking requirements throughout the city. Parking maximums exist for all uses, and in no case may a surface parking lot exceed 100 spaces.
Example Foreign

EEDI Guidelines

Energy Efficiency Design Index requirements were made mandatory for new ships under MARPOL Annex VI, ch. 4. New ship design needs to meet the reference level, which will be tightened incrementally eve...
Example Local Governments

NYC Clean Fleet Initiative

By 2025, the NYC Clean Fleet Initiative will add 2,000 EVs to the existing municipal fleet of 27,152.
Example States and State Governments

Colorado’s Innovative Motor Vehicle and Truck Credits

Colorado’s Innovative Motor Vehicle and Truck Credits provide tax credits between $5,000 and $10,000 for the purchase of light to medium duty cars and trucks.
Resource States and State Governments

California’s AB33 (2021)

In September 2021, the California legislature passed AB33, creating low-interest loans and grants for local governments to install energy storage and zero-emission vehicle infrastructure. The bill req...
Model Law States and State Governments

LPDD Model Law: State Income Tax Credit Legislation For Purchasing New AFVs

This proposed state income tax credit legislation is designed to create economic incentives for the purchase or lease of Alternative Fuel Vehicles. The proposed legislation provides for options to the...
Example States and State Governments

Colorado’s Free Transit During Ozone Season

In May, 2022, Colorado created an ozone season transit grant program, providing grants to the regional transportation district and transit associations in order to offer free transit services for at l...
Example Public Utilities

Seattle’s City Light Off-Peak Hours

Seattle’s City Light program offers EV owners lower charging rates during off-peak hours vs peak hours, at a ratio of 4.3 cents/kWh vs. 6.5 cents/kWh, in addition to a much lower demand charge.
Example Local Governments

Portland Repeals Parking Requirements

As of July 2023, Portland has no parking mandates citywide for any uses. Prior, the city maintained mandates that were only in effect in rare instances. As part of Oregon’s Climate Friendly and Equita...
Example States and State Governments

New York’s Clean Water, Clean Energy, Green Jobs Environmental Bond Act

In the 2022 election, New York voters overwhelming voted in favor of the Clean Water, Clean Energy, Green Jobs Environmental Bond Act, or Proposition 1. The Act includes up to $1.5B for climate change...
Resource States and State Governments

New Jersey’s Diesel-Powered Truck Phaseout

In December 2021, the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection adopted a rule to phase out diesel-powered trucks – meaning anything bigger than a delivery van – starting in 2025. Based on Cal...
Example States and State Governments

Minnesota Clean Cars Program

In May 2021, an Administrative Law Judge in Minnesota ruled that the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) could move forward with its Clean Cars Minnesota Program, which will see the state adopt ...
Model Law States and State Governments

LPDD Model Law: Installation of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations at Common-Interest Developments

This proposed statute seeks to remove and foreclose covenants that restrict modifications needed to install electric vehicle charging stations in common-interest developments, such as condominiums. It...
Resource Local Governments

Report, Creating EV-Ready Towns and Cities

Creating EV-Ready Towns and Cities (2012), prepared by the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority, offered key findings on how municipalities can support EV-penetration through zonin...
Resource US Ports

Report, Reducing Shipping Greenhouse Gas Emissions

The International Transport Forum’s 2018 report, Reducing Shipping Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Lessons From Port-Based Incentives, reviews port-based incentive schemes to reduce shipping emissions, such...
Model Law States and State Governments

LPDD Model Law: Prioritizing Funding of Clean Transportation Alternatives

This model law requires state governments to devote a larger share of transportation funding to providing meaningful alternatives to driving. The model lays out a roadmap for a more transparent, objec...
Model Law Congress

LPDD Model Law: Federal Statute Providing Tax Credits for Hydrogen Refueling Stations

The lack of infrastructure for out-of-state travel is a major impediment to the adoption of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs), and there is a need to increase the number of hydrogen fueling stations...
Example States and State Governments

Massachusetts’ MOR-EV program

Massachusetts’ MOR-EV program provides rebates of up to $2,500 for qualifying battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) up to a $50,000 final purchase price. Additionall...
Example Public Utilities

Oregon’s Charging Program for Utility PacifiCorp

In 2018, the Orgeon PUC adopted a stipulation for PacifiCorp to conduct three pilot programs through 2019 and to develop a cost-effectiveness framework and pilot study on the potential system impacts ...
Example Foreign

Ontario’s Feebate Program (1989-2010)

Ontario’s Tax and Credit for Fuel Conservation or feebate program was operational from 1989 to 2010. Under the fee schedule in place from 1991 through the end of the program, the program offered rebat...
Resource Executive Branch

DOE’s EV Readiness Scorecard and Tools

DOE’s Vehicle Technologies Office houses EV Readiness Scorecard tools, designed to help estimate how much charging infrastructure a locality might need, determine how much exists now, and calculate th...
Example States and State Governments

Georgia Code 32-9-4

Under Georgia Code 32-9-4, plug-in electric vehicles are eligible for the HOV lane with the correct license plate displayed.
Example Local Governments

Chicago Region Environmental and Transportation Efficiency program

The Chicago Region Environmental and Transportation Efficiency (CREATE) program aims to invest billions in critically needed capital improvements to increase the efficiency of the region’s rail infras...
Resource Public Utilities

ACEEE Report: Utility Transportation Electrification Planning – Emerging Practices to Support EV Deployment

In September 2022, ACEEE published a report on state transportation planning, highlighting practices to support increased EV deployment. As some states require utilities to submit comprehensive plans ...
Example US Ports

Port of Los Angeles Voluntary Speed Reduction Program

The port of Los Angeles introduced voluntary speed reduction programs with the objective of reducing conventional air pollutants near the port. The program applies two different tiers of speed reducti...
Example States and State Governments

Delaware’s Requirement for Curbside Charging Procedures in Municipalities

In June 2022, Delaware enacted a law that requires municipalities with a population over 30,000 to develop a procedure to obtain permission for the installation of an electric vehicle charging station...
Example States and State Governments

NY Truck Voucher Incentive Program

NY’s Truck Voucher Incentive Program provides vouchers, or discounts, to fleets across New York State that purchase or lease all-electric, hydrogen fuel cell electric, plug-in hybrid electric, convent...
Example States and State Governments

Maryland Efforts to Increase Railroad Tunnel Heights

CSX railroad and the state of Maryland have been negotiating and seeking federal funding to increase the height of a tunnel that has been an impediment to double-stacking. It is believed that the new ...
Example Executive Branch

FAA’s Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels programs

The FAA’s Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels work includes several federal partnerships and research efforts. These include the Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative (a coalition of airlines...
Resource States and State Governments

RAP Legislative Roadmap for Electric Transportation

The Regulatory Assistance Project has assembled resources for legislators interested in accelerating electric vehicle deployment. This legislative kit includes a policy guide, model legislation, fact ...
Example States and State Governments

Connecticut Hydrogen and Electric Automobile Purchase Rebate

The Connecticut Hydrogen and Electric Automobile Purchase Rebate offers incentives of up to $5,000 for Connecticut residents who purchase or lease an eligible battery electric, plug-in hybrid electric...
Resource Foreign

Danish Shipping Fuel Tax Proposal

An international shipping fuel tax was introduced by Denmark in 2009, but it was not taken forward. Since that date, there have not been discussions around a fuel tax at the IMO level.
Example Private Entities

Maersk’s Zero Carbon Efforts

Maersk, which operates the world’s largest fleet of container ships, set itself a goal of reducing emissions by 60% by 2020 over a 2007 baseline. In 2018, they extended that goal to zero net operation...
Example States and State Governments

Hawaii’s Revised Statutes § 196-7.5

Hawaii’s Revised Statutes § 196-7.5 prohibits multi-unit dwellings from preventing a unit owner from placing an EV charging system on or near the owner’s parking stall.
Example States and State Governments

Hawaii’s HB 552 (2021)

Hawaii’s HB 552 (2021) establishes clean ground transportation goals for state agencies to achieve a one hundred per cent light-duty motor vehicles zero-emission fleet by December 31, 2035. The Bill a...
Model Law Congress

LPDD Model Law: Amendments to Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships

Note: The proposed Ocean-Based Climate Solutions Act (2020), released just a month following the release of this model law, overlaps in scope with this model legislation, in terms of imposing monitori...
Model Law Local Governments

LPDD Model Law: Local Ordinance Expediting Permitting for EV Charging Stations

Permitting decisions for EV charging stations are made at the local level, and there is tremendous variation in the levels of expertise and experience among the local authorities having jurisdiction (...
Example Local Governments

Seattle’s Healthy Streets Pilot

Seattle, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, adopted a Healthy Streets pilot that shut down 20 miles of streets in order to allow pedestrians and cyclists more room to move while socially distancing...
Example States and State Governments

Maryland Tax Credits and Equipment Rebates for EVs

Maryland’s Excise Tax Credit for Plug-In Electric Vehicles provides up to $3,000 in tax credits for purchase of a plug-in electric or hybrid vehicle (although limited funds may be exhausted in a given...
Example States and State Governments

Utah EV Charging Legislation (2020)

In 2020, Utah passed multiple important pieces of legislation to move ahead on vehicle electrification, including HB 259, which calls on the state transportation agency to develop a statewide plan for...
Example Public Utilities

Proposed California EV Charger Deployment Rules

Facing a potential gap in the number of installed electric vehicle chargers needed to meet the state’s clean transportation goals, the California Public Utilities Commission released proposed rules to...
Example States and State Governments

Colorado Fee on Oil and Gas to Fund Transit

Colorado’s SB 24-230 establishes a new fee on oil and gas production to fund increased transit service across the state. A production fee will be determined in consulting prevailing resources prices, ...
Resource States and State Governments

PEV Policy Evaluation Rubirc

The National Association of State Energy Officials published a 2018 report, PEV Policy Evaluation Rubric, which helps users to evaluate the strength and weakness of all PEV-related policies in a metro...
Example Local Governments

Denver’s FasTracks Program

In 2004, Denver voted to expand public transit to the tune of $4.7 billion, adding 122 miles of commuter, light rail, and bus rapid transit lines across the region, which work continues under the FasT...
Model Law Congress

LPDD Model Law: Federal Income Tax Credit Legislation For Purchasing Used Alternative Fuel Vehicles

Some studies suggest that AFVs depreciate faster than internal combustion vehicles. Two main reasons AFVs depreciate faster than internal combustion vehicles are (i) the rapid pace that technology is ...
Example States and State Governments

California Emissions Regulation for Intrastate Locomotives

While California cannot regulate interstate locomotives, it has promulgated an emission standard regulation of wholly intrastate locomotives at Cal. Code Regs. Tit. 13, 2299.
Model Law Local Governments

LPDD Model Law: Municipal Ordinance for Alternative Fuel Vehicle Parking Benefits

This model legislation provides for free parking on the street and in municipal garages for alternative fuel vehicles through 2030. It provides multiple options for defining qualifying vehicles, expir...
Resource Executive Branch

Executive Order 14008

EO 14088, one of the first Executive Orders signed during the Biden Administration, has been hailed as “a mini Green New Deal” in effect. It has several disparate provisions aimed at climate and clima...
Resource Local Governments

Report, Capturing the Federal EV Tax Credit for Public Fleets

Capturing the Federal EV Tax Credit for Public Fleets (2017), a report by the EV Smart Fleet coalition, provides a case study on electric fleet procurement in Alameda County, California.
Example States and State Governments

Colorado’s Reduction of Diesel Vehicle Emissions Regulation

Colorado has instituted diesel fleet certification and inspection requirements for vehicles at least two years old. The regulations went into effect in 1998.
Model Law States and State Governments

LPDD Model Law: State Statute on Updating Fire Codes Periodically

Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are one of the most promising technologies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from heavy-duty vehicles (e.g., trucks and buses). Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles face a numbe...
Example States and State Governments

California’s proposed “Clean Car Discount”

California’s proposed “Clean Car Discount” program (AB493-Ruskin) was designed to impose a fee of up to $2,500 on new, high carbon emitting vehicles (starting with 2011 models), and then rebating the ...
Example States and State Governments

Vermont’s HB 529 (2019)

In June 2019, Vermont passed HB 529, which increased public transit funding, offered financial incentives for plug-in electric vehicles, and set a 2021 target to make 75% of purchased or leased vehicl...
Example States and State Governments

Maryland’s Climate Solutions Now Act (2022)

In March 2022, both houses of the Maryland legislature passed the Climate Solutions Now Act, which calls for Maryland to reduce GHG emissions by 60% (compared to a 2006 baseline) by 2031 and for the M...
Resource Local Governments

Parking Reform Network

The Parking Reform Network is an advocacy organization that aims to educate the public about the impact of parking policy on climate change, equity, housing, and traffic. In partnership with allied or...
Example States and State Governments

California Air Resources Board’s Zero-Emission Vehicle Program

California Air Resources Board’s light-duty vehicle zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) program, which requires manufacturers meet a ZEV obligation based on a percentage of the manufacturer’s sales, could be ...
Resource States and State Governments

Legislative Best Practices for Automated Driving systems

The NHTSA has developed technical assistance on Automated Driving Systems, which includes a section on best practices for legislatures.
Model Law Local Governments

LPDD Model Law: Clean Fleet Legislation

This LPDD model legislation can be enacted on the state or local level to establish a “Green Fleet Transition” program in the enacting jurisdiction. It would establish an orderly process for the trans...
Resource US Ports

EPA National Port Strategy Assessment

EPA’s 2016 National Port Strategy Assessment assesses emissions reduction strategies, including from drayage trucks, fuel change strategies, shore power strategies, advanced marine emission control sy...
Example States and State Governments

California’s ZEV Regulation and Other Participating States

California’s ZEV regulation requires automobile companies to produce a certain percentage of ZEVs for sale in California, such as hydrogen fuel cell, batter electric, and hybrid vehicles. The ZEV mand...
Resource Local Governments

DOT Report, Transportation’s Role in Reducing US Greenhouse Gas Emissions

The US Department of Transportation released a 2010 report titled Transportation’s Role in Reducing US Greenhouse Gas Emissions, which notes that various behavioral shifts could reduce GHG’s from tran...
Resource Public Utilities

California Vehicle-Grid Integration Final report (2020)

A 2019 Ruling of the California Public Utility Commission tasked a Working Group with addressing the following questions: (a) What Vehicle-Grid Integration (VGI) use cases can provide value now, and h...
Example Local Governments

Rohnert Park Gas Station Ban

In March 2022, Rohnert Park adopted an ordinance that effectively and permanently prohibit construction of new gas stations. The ordinance will take effect in April. Enacting the ordinance will make R...
Resource Executive Branch

Report, Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicle Modal Emission Model

EPA’s 2005 report proposed heavy-duty Diesel vehicle modal emission modeling framework (HDDV-MEMF) for heavy-duty diesel-powered trucks and buses.
Resource Local Governments

Report, Strategies for Engaging Community: Developing Better Relationships Through Bike Share

The National Association of City Transportation Officials (NATCO) has released best practice guidance for communities engaging in micro-mobility initiatives, like bike sharing.
Example States and State Governments

California’s “At Berth” Regulation for Ports

In August 2020, the California Air Resources Board approved a new regulation designed to reduce pollution from ocean-going vessels while docked at California’s busiest ports. The rule builds on CARB’s...
Example Public Utilities

Report, Vehicle-Grid Integration (VGI) Roadmap: Enabling vehicle-based grid services

The California ISO released a 2014 report, Vehicle-Grid Integration (VGI) Roadmap: Enabling vehicle-based grid services, which outlined a high-level statewide plan to ensure charging is coordinated wi...
Resource Local Governments

Model Transit-Oriented District Overlay Zoning Ordinance

Community Design + Architecture Inc. has developed a Model Transit-Oriented District Overlay Zoning Ordinance to assist jurisdictions in development of Transit-Oriented District codes.
Example Local Governments

Chicago Transit-Serving Zoning Incentives

Chicago’s Zoning Code provides incentives for transit-served locations, which encourages developments within a specified radius of a transit hub by offering developers incentives, including the allowa...
Example States and State Governments

New York’s Drive Clean Rebate

New York’s Drive Clean Rebate offers a $2,000 rebate for new EV leases or purchases on up to 40 qualifying EV models.
Example Local Governments

San Francisco’s Transit-Only Streets

San Francisco has transit-only lanes on 30 miles of streets and plans to add 20 more miles in the next decade. It has even highlighted some busy lanes with red paint to make them more visible to drive...
Example States and State Governments

California Zero Emissions Truck Requirements

In June 2020, the California Air Resources Board adopted a first-in-the-world rule requiring truck manufacturers to transition from diesel trucks and vans to electric zero-emission trucks beginning in...
Example Local Governments

Massachusetts Complete Streets Funding Program

Massachusetts has adopted a Complete Streets Funding Program that provides localities with funds for technical assistance and project construction.
Example States and State Governments

New York’s Proposed ZEV Mandate

New York’s proposed S. 9008 (2020) provides that one hundred percent of in-state sales of new passenger cars and trucks shall be zero-emissions by two thousand thirty-five, medium-duty and heavy-duty ...
Example Local Governments

NYC Diesel Emissions Standards on City Funded Projects

NYC Code requires that all contractors working on city-funded projects use emissions control devices meeting certain minimum emission standards on diesel-powered nonroad equipment.
Resource Congress

Proposed America’s Transportation Infrastructure Act of 2019

The proposed America’s Transportation Infrastructure Act of 2019 would earmark $1 billion in funding for competitive grants to support the development of fueling infrastructure for electric, natural g...
Example Public Utilities

Southern California Edison Charge Ready Transport Program

Southern California Edison (SCE) Charge Ready Transportwill advance the electrification of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, including buses and tractor trailers, by offering to install infrastructure ...
Example Local Governments

Austin Drops Parking Requirements for New Development

In November 2023, Austin TX became the largest city in the country to stop requiring new developments to have a set amount of parking. Effected property types include single-family homes, apartment bu...
Example States and State Governments

New York’s Electric School Bus Mandate

New York’s 2022 state budget bill, S08006, requires all new school bus purchases to be zero-emission by 2027 and that all school buses in operation are electric by 2035.
Example Local Governments

Wheat Ride CO Mixed-Use Zoning

Wheat Ridge’s Code of Ordinances establishes a mixed-use commercial zone district, designed to encourage medium to high density mixed use development, and a mixed-use neighborhood district, designed t...
Example States and State Governments

New York’s Clean Deliveries Act

New York’s S2127C (2024) directs the state to review emissions related to large warehouses and require warehouse operators to choose from an array of actions to minimize pollution. The legislation als...
Example States and State Governments

Utah Heavy-Duty Alternative Fuel Vehicle Tax Credit

Qualified taxpayers are eligible for a tax credit for the purchase of a qualified heavy-duty alternative fuel vehicle. Qualifying fuels include natural gas, electricity, and hydrogen. Each qualified h...
Model Law Local Governments

LPDD Model Executive Order: Green Fleets

This LPDD model executive order can be used to establish a state or local “Green Fleet Transition” program. The Model Order begins with the identification of some of the benefits that would result fro...
Example States and State Governments

Massachusetts Requirements to Purchase Hybrid or Alternative Fuel Vehicles

Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 7, Section 9A requires that the state purchase hybrid or alternative fuel vehicles to the maximum extent feasible, at a rate of not less than 5 per cent annually for...
Resource States and State Governments

Massachusetts Proposed Act Driving Climate Policy Forward

In March, 2022, the Massachusetts Senate unveiled a sweeping climate bill aimed at helping the state meet its net-zero greenhouse gas emissions goal by 2050, which had been previously stipulated in 20...
Example States and State Governments

Colorado Adopts Advanced Clean Trucks and NOx Rules

In April 2023, Colorado adopted Advanced Clean Trucks (ACT) and Low-Nitrogen Oxides (Low-NOx) rules, adding their name to the list of states following California’s model. Under the ACT rules, beginnin...
Example States and State Governments

Colorado’s Transportation Planning Emissions Reductions Requirements

At the Colorado’s transportation commission’s December 2021 meeting, 10 out of the 11 commissioners in attendance approved a new rule requiring the state’s Department of Transportation to direct its d...
Resource Local Governments

Sierra Club Model State and Local Policies to Accelerate Electric Vehicle Adoption

The Sierra Club’s 2018 report, Model State & Local Policies to Accelerate Electric Vehicle Adoption, surveys policies including vehicle rebates and tax credits, government fleet mandates, consumer edu...
Example US Ports

Port of San Diego Vessel Speed Reduction Program

The Vessel Speed Reduction Program is a voluntary program asking cargo vessel operators entering or leaving San Diego Bay to observe a 12-knot speed limit. For cruise ships, a 15-knot limit is request...
Resource States and State Governments

Massachusetts’ Act Driving Clean Energy and Offshore Wind

In August 2022, Massachusetts enacted an “Act Driving Clean Energy and Offshore Wind,” which builds on 2019 legislation and helps clarify how the state will meet its climate targets. Key provisions of...
Example Local Governments

Madison’s Mixed-Use Zoning

Madison’s Code of Ordinances establishes several mixed-use districts, including a “limited mixed-use district” that allows for particularly small scale commercial development in residential areas.
Resource Executive Branch

DOE Database of EV Tax Credits and Incentives

The Department of Energy maintains an online database of electric vehicle tax credits and other incentives offered in different jurisdictions.
Example States and State Governments

Washington State Legislation on EV charging in Common Interest Developments

This 2022 legislation prohibits homeowner and unit owners’ associations from unreasonably restricting the installation or use of electric vehicle charging stations.
Example States and State Governments

Maine’s Electric Vehicle Rebate Fund and Volkswagon Rebate Fund

Maine’s LD 614 established the Electric Vehicle Rebate Fund, a non-lapsing fund administered by trust to provide up to $2,500 in rebates for the purchase on an EV. This law complements a $5.1 million ...
Example States and State Governments

Maryland’s Bi-Directional Charging Law

Maryland’s Distributed Renewable Integration and Vehicle Electrification Act (“DRIVE Act”) creates a bidirectional EV charging program. The program requires the Public Service Commission to put forwar...
Example States and State Governments

NY Diesel Vehicle Procurement Rules

The New York Diesel Emissions Reduction Act requires all heavy-duty diesel vehicles owned by state agencies, authorities and contractors be retrofitted or replaced to decrease diesel emissions.
Example Private Entities

Clean Cargo Working Group

The Clean Cargo Working Group is a voluntary initiative of major brands, cargo carriers, and freight forwarders dedicated to reducing the environmental impacts of global goods transportation. Its memb...
Example Executive Branch

FAA CLEEN program

The FAA’s CLEEN (Continuous Lower Energy, Emissions, and Noise) program is the FAA’s principal environmental effort to accelerate the development of new aircraft and engine technologies and advance su...
Example Executive Branch

FHA Regulations on Highway Design Standards

The Federal Highways Administration has revised its regulations to encourage agencies applying highway design standards to take into account the “constructed and natural environment of the area” and t...
Example Local Governments

California’s Sustainable Planning Best Practice Case Studies

The California Strategic Growth Council highlights a number of local best practices in sustainable planning.
Example Local Governments

San Jose Drops Parking Requirements

As of March 2023, the City of San Jose removed parking minimums for all uses citywide.
Model Law Local Governments

LPDD Model Law: Designation of Parking Spaces for Electric Vehicles and Installation of Electric Charging Devices

The LPDD team has prepared a model law on EV parking spaces that requires the installation in public accommodations of electric vehicle charging stations at parking spaces designated for the exclusive...
Example Local Governments

New Orleans EV-Charging Permits on Rights-of-Way

The New Orleans Municipal Code § 146-563 allows EV owners to apply for a permit to install charging infrastructure on a sidewalk, or right-of-way, under certain conditions, in order to encourage EV pu...
Example States and State Governments

North Carolina’s Proposed Advanced Clean Trucks Program

In October 2022, North Carolina’s governor signed an Executive Order tasking the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality to propose an Advanced Clean Trucks Program to the Environmental Man...
Resource Congress

Proposed America’s Transportation Infrastructure Act of 2019

The proposed America’s Transportation Infrastructure Act of 2019 would direct federal agencies to transition their vehicle fleets to hybrid-electric, electric and alternative fuels within a year of en...
Example Public Utilities

Electric Highway Coalition

The Electric Highway Coalition made a March 2021 announcement that it plans to build one seamless network of chargers from West Texas to the Gulf of Mexico and all the way up the Eastern seaboard. The...
Resource Local Governments

Urban Land Institute Reports: Growing Cooler, Moving Cooler

The Urban Land Institute published an analysis in 2007 titled Growing Cooler: The Evidence on Urban Development and Climate Change, concluding that more compact development can decrease driving rates ...
Example Public Utilities

SoCal Edison’s Charge Ready 2 Program

In August 2020, the California PUC approved a $437 million effort to build thousands of electric vehicle chargers, the nation’s largest utility program to expand charging infrastructure. The money wil...
Example States and State Governments

New York’s Zero Emissions Trucks Regulation

In September 2021, the NYSDEC released a proposed regulation that would significantly reduce air pollution from trucks. If adopted, the regulation would accelerate zero-emission truck sales, resulting...
Example States and State Governments

Massachusetts’ Clean Energy Grid Legislation

Massachusetts’ S.2967, An Act Promoting a Clean Energy Grid, Advancing Equity, and Protecting Ratepayers, reforms the siting and permitting of clean energy facilities, as well as the gas distribution ...
MCLI Resource

LPDD Top Resources: Transportation Sector

For states and localities participating in EPA’s CPRG Technical Assistance Forums, we’ve compiled a brief list of top resources in the Transportation Sector. modelclimatelaws.org is an extraordinarily...
Model Law Congress

LPDD Model Law: Legislation Mandating Consideration of Greenhouse Gas Reduction as Part of Metropolitan Transportation Planning

Under federal law, states must establish a metropolitan planning organization (MPO) for each urban area with a population of at least 50,000. MPOs are subject to a variety of requirements, including t...
Example Private Entities

Tesla Aggregates into PG&E’s Emergency Demand Response Program

In June 2022, Tesla and Pacific Gas & Electric launched a program to aggregate the storage in ratepayers’ Tesla Powerwalls to provide emergency power to California’s grid when intense heat drives up d...
Resource Congress

Proposed Ocean-Based Climate Solutions Act (2020)

Note: Elements of this proposed legislation overlap substantially with the LPDD Model Law, published Sept. 2020, Model Amendments to the Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships, which would require all sh...
Example Public Utilities

National Grid’s Voluntary Time of Use Rate for EVs

National Grid offers its NY customers a voluntary time-of-use rate for charging electric vehicles during the off-peak hours of 11pm to 7am. Most EVs can be programmed to charge during these hours usin...
Resource US Ports

IMO Study of emission control and energy efficiency measures for ships in the port area

The IMO’s 2015 study was undertaken to investigate existing control measures to reduce emissions from ships in ports and identify possible future innovative measures to address such emissions.
Example States and State Governments

Tennessee HOV Smart Pass program

The Tennessee HOV Smart Pass program allows eligible hybrid and electric vehicles to use HOV lanes if they apply for and display a decal.
Example Public Utilities

New York’s EV and EV Supply Equipment Proceeding

On April 24, 2018, the New York’s PSC opened this proceeding to consider the role of electric utilities in providing infrastructure and rate designs to accommodate the needs and electricity demands of...
Resource Congress

IATA voluntary efficiency goal

The International Air Transport Association set a voluntary goal in 2007 of improving efficiency by at least 25% by 2020 compared to 2005 levels, amounting to a 1.5% efficiency gain per year.
Example States and State Governments

Colorado All-Electric or Fuel Cell Heavy-Duty Truck Tax Credit

Colorado allows a tax credit up to $20,000 for the purchase of an all-electric or fuel cell heavy-duty truck. The credit declines over time and expires after 2021. ( Rev. Stat. 39-22-516.8)
Example Local Governments

Cotati Gas Station Ban

In June 2022, Cotati, California passed this legislation to prohibit new service station facilities that story, convey, or dispense fossil fuels, citywide.
Example Local Governments

Santa Monica Zero Emissions Delivery Zone

Santa Monica partnered with the Los Angeles Cleantech Incubator (LACI) to launch the country’s first Zero Emission Delivery Zone (ZEDZ) Pilot. The pilot ran through December 2022 and incentivized clea...
Example States and State Governments

New Mexico’s Advanced Clean Cars and Trucks Rule

In November, New Mexico joined the wave of states approving a version of California’s Advanced Clean Cars rule. The rule calls for 43% of new cars and light-duty trucks delivered to New Mexico to be e...
Example States and State Governments

Massachusetts’ Authorization of Utility EV-Related investments

H4781 (2017) authorizes electric utilities to propose EV-related investments to the state’s Department of Public Utilities, and establishes the test that must be used to review any proposed investment...
Example States and State Governments

California’s Bidirectional EV Charging Law

In August, 2024, the California Legislature approved a bill that gives state regulators the authority to implement a first-in-the-nation requirement to make electric vehicles capable of powering homes...
Example Local Governments

Baltimore’s Mixed-Use Zoning

Baltimore’s zoning code was updated in 2017 to include mixed-use zoning districts. For example, an industrial mixed-use zoning districts may encourage the reuse of older buildings for light industrial...
Example Local Governments

Denver EV-Ready Code

Section R-327 of the 2016 Denver Building and Fire Code Amendments provides that for new one- or two-family dwellings with a dedicated garage, the electric load should be designed to allow the residen...
Example Foreign

North American Emissions Control Area

The United States and Canada have jointly applied and been approved by the IMO for an emissions control area up to 200 miles off their casts, excluding Alaska and the Arctic. This requires ships passi...
Example Private Entities

General Motors 2035 ZEV Goal

In January 2021, General Motors announced plans to be carbon neutral by 2040 in its global products and operations. As part of that pledge, GM aspires to eliminate tailpipe emissions from new light-du...
Example States and State Governments

New Jersey’s Proposed Warehouse and Port Pollution Reduction Act

This bill, introduced in July 2024 in both houses of the New Jersey state legislature, would force owners of warehouses larger than 50,000 square feet to reduce emissions that enter the atmosphere and...
Resource Congress

ICAO Recommendation Against Fuel Taxes

The ICAO’s Policies on Taxation in the Field of International Air Transport calls for the total exemption from taxation of fuel used in international aviation. This exemption is now contained in inter...
Resource Executive Branch

US 2009 Ship Efficiency and Credit Trading Proposal

In 2009, the US made an IMO proposal calling to group ships of similar size together, then establish goals of specific improvement in the average efficiency of the world’s fleet for each class and siz...
Example Congress

Fixing America’s Surface Transportation (FAST) Act

The 2015 Fixing America’s Surface Transportation (FAST) Act included two freight-related programs: the National Highway Freight Program (which funds infrastructure investments directly) and the Nation...
Resource States and State Governments

Vermont Feebate Study

This 2019 study, commissioned by the Vermont legislature, conducts a literature review of different feebate programs around the world, and offers five different alternative program structures for a po...
Example Executive Branch

NASA advanced aviation research

NASA’s Advanced Air Vehicles Program and Integrated Aviation System Research Program both conduct research on new vehicle technologies that will have a significant impact on reducing emissions. For si...
Example States and State Governments

New Mexico EV Tax Credit

Under HB217 (2020), the New Mexico legislature enacted an electric vehicle tax credit alongside new plug-in vehicle registration fees.
Resource Private Entities

Report, The Promise and Limits of Private Standards in Reducing GHG Emissions from Shipping

This 2017 article in the Journal of Environmental Law examines private standards that aim to mitigate GHG emissions in shipping. These have emerged against a backdrop of regulatory inertia and the exc...
Resource Public Utilities

Arizona Public Service Company’s Demand-Side Management Plan

The Arizona Public Service Company’s 2018 demand side management plan includes a managed charging program that would add up to 100 APS-owned and operated charging stations for workplaces, fleet vehicl...
Example States and State Governments

Colorado Partially Adopts California Clean Car Standard

In October, 2023, Colorado renewed and expanded its mandate for electric vehicles to take over the state new car market in coming years, passing a requirement for EVs to make up 82% of dealer lots by ...
Example States and State Governments

Washington Requirements to Lower Vehicle Miles Traveled

Washington law (at Wash. Rev. Code 47.01.078) requires the state transportation department to develop strategies to lower per capita VMT. Another provision (at Wash. Rev. Code 47.01.440) calls on the ...
Example Executive Branch

EPA’s SmartWay program

EPA’s voluntary SmartWay program is a partnership between the Agency, shippers, freight carriers, and freight logistics companies to benchmark and track CO2 emissions and disseminate information on fu...
Model Law Local Governments

LPDD Model Law: Municipal Ordinance for Using Street Light Poles for Electric Vehicle Charging

The LPDD team proposes a model law to have municipalities use their street light poles to support Level Two electrical vehicle chargers. When municipalities convert street light poles to LED lights, t...
Example States and State Governments

Delaware’s Subsidies for EV Charging Equipment

This Act requires the Director of the Sustainable Energy Utility to administer a program to provide financial assistance to Delaware residents for the cost of purchase and installation of electric veh...
Resource States and State Governments

Maryland SB 137 (2021)

Beginning in Fiscal Year (FY) 2023, this bill disallows the Maryland Transit Administration from entering into a contract to purchase any buses for its transit bus fleet that are not zero-emission bus...
Example States and State Governments

South Carolina’s EV Charging at State Rest Areas

H4732 (2019) requires the Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism and the Department of Transportation to undertake certain actions to facilitate the charging of electric vehicles at all state wel...
Resource States and State Governments

Illinois’ Climate and Equitable Jobs Act

This 900-page energy and climate bill, passed in September 2021, covers a variety of subject areas, listed below: On electricity: The bill raises the renewable portfolio standard to require 40 percent...
Resource States and State Governments

Utah’s Workplace Electric Vehicle Charging Funding Assistance Program

Under Utah’s Workplace Electric Vehicle Charging Funding Assistance Program, groups can apply for state funding for electric vehicle charging stations. The state will disperse nearly $5 million total ...
Example States and State Governments

Arizona Testing Requirements for Heavy-Duty Vehicles

Arizona approved emissions testing requirements for HDVs as a method for demonstrating SIP compliance in 1997.
Resource Private Entities

Transportation Electrification Accord

The Transportation Electrification Accord was crafted by NGOs and has now been signed by 50+ vehicle manufacturers, electric utilities, EV infrastructure and technology companies, consumer advocates a...
Example States and State Governments

Hawaii’s Rebates for Hydrogen Refueling Infrastructure

In July 2022, Hawaii adopted SB 2570, providing incentives for hydrogen refueling infrastructure. Under the new law, the public utilities commission will administer a zero-emission vehicle fueling sys...
Resource States and State Governments

Maine’s Transportation Equity Legislation

In May 2023, Maryland passed a transportation planning law that requires that equity be considered when State transportation plans, reports, and goals are developed. The Maryland DOT will be required ...
Resource States and State Governments

Hawaii Vehicle-to-Grid Study

The Hawaii Natural Energy Institute partnered with the Florida Solar Energy Center to test commercial Lithium ion battery under Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) and Grid-to Vehicle (G2V) conditions to forecast t...
Resource Executive Branch

EPA Rules Regulating Gliders

In 2016, EPA and NHTSA claimed broad authority to regulate gliders in the same way as they would regulate any new HDV released in the year the glider was constructed. See 81 Fed. Reg. 73478, at 73513-...
Resource States and State Governments

Transportation and Climate Initiative

The Transportation and Climate Initiative is a collaboration of the transportation, energy and environment agencies from 12 Northeast and Mid-Atlantic states and Washington, DC, focused on reducing gr...
Example States and State Governments

California’s 100% ZEV by 2035 Regulation

In August 2022, California regulators adopted rules that would ban the sale of new gasoline-powered cars and light trucks by 2035. The rule establishes a year-by-year roadmap so that by 2035 100% of n...
Example Local Governments

Charlotte Unified Development Ordinance

Charlotte is implementing a long-range plan that includes investing in light rail and bus rapid transit projects in five corridors, revising local land use provisions to guide growth, and providing in...
Example States and State Governments

Colorado Rental Car Fee for Funding Rail

Colorado’s SB 24-184 sets a new fee on rental cars to fund the construction of long-distance passenger rail throughout the state. The bill also aligns existing state transportation funding sources wit...
Example Local Governments

Calistoga Gas Station Ban

In December 2021, the City of Calistoga prohibited new gas station land uses in all zoning districts and provided uniform and comprehensive regulations and development standards for modifications, mai...
Resource Executive Branch

Report, The Challenge of Decarbonizing Heavy Transport

This 2020 report from the Brookings Institute outlines the technical challenges to decarbonizing heavy duty transport, including aviation and shipping. The report notes the differences between the rel...
Resource Foreign

IMO study, Third Greenhouse Gas Study

The International Marine Organization’s Third Greenhouse Gas Study (2014) captured an inventory of emissions from international shipping, and outlines emissions scenarios out to 2050.
Resource Congress

Proposed Vehicle Innovation Act of 2017

The proposed Vehicle Innovation Act of 2017 would have strengthened the DOE’s Vehicle Technologies Office, authorizing R&D grants starting at $313.6 million for fiscal year 2018, with a 4% increase ea...
Example States and State Governments

Washington New Building EV Charging Requirements

The Washington Administrative Code 51-50-0427 requires 5% of parking spaces in new buildings to be equipped with EV charging infrastructure, excluding occupancies with fewer than 20 parking spots. The...
Model Law Local Governments

LPDD Model Law: Curbside EV Charging and Reserved Parking Ordinance

Electric vehicle owners rely primarily on charging their vehicles at home on a daily basis. However, in some residential neighborhoods, residents do not have the ability to install a charger on their ...
Example States and State Governments

Vermont’s H.942 (2020)

Vermont’s H.942 (2020) details incentive levels and income thresholds for the state’s new Plug-in Electric Vehicle Incentive programs. Anticipating federal stimulus money due to COVID-19, the bill als...
Example Local Governments

Portland’s Walkable Communities Initiatives

In recent decades, Portland’s efforts to coordinate transportation investments and land use policies has resulted in a range of travel options, a revitalized downtown, and walkable, transit-oriented c...
Example Executive Branch

DOD Memorandum: Track Four Efficiency Initiatives Decisions

Through a 2010 Memorandum, DOD required that DOD travel requests explain why alternate means such as web-based communications are not sufficiently able to accomplish the travel objective.
Example US Ports

Airport Carbon Accreditation program

The Airports Council International Europe runs an Airport Carbon Accreditation program with a goal of having 100 carbon-neutral airports by 2030. Twenty-seven North American airports have signed up fo...
Resource Local Governments

FHA and DOT Report, Achieving Multimodal Networks

The Federal Highways Administration and Department of Transportation have issued a report illustrating how to apply the flexibility in current national guidelines to address common design challengers ...
Example States and State Governments

Arizona Statute 28-2416

Under Statute 28-2416, battery-electric vehicles qualify for HOV lanes at any time, regardless of number of passengers, as long as the BEV has a special license plate.
Example Local Governments

L.A. County 100% Electric Bus Fleet Goal

L.A. County Metro’s Council adopted a 2017 motion establishing a goal of a 100% electric transit bus fleet by 2030 and tasking the transportation department with developing a roadmap.
Example States and State Governments

California’s Fuel Sulfur Rules

California’s initial attempt to require all ships calling at California ports to meet low-sulfur emissions standard were struck down. California modified the rules to set fuel requirements for the ves...
Example States and State Governments

New Jersey Adopts Advanced Clean Cars II

On November 21st, 2023, New Jersey announced that the state will become the latest to adopt California’s Advanced Clean Cars II (ACC II) on December 18th. Starting in model year 2027, vehicle manufact...
Resource Private Entities

ACRP’s Alternative Fuels Handbook

The Airport Cooperative Research Program’s Handbook for Analyzing the Costs and Benefits of Alternative Aviation Turbine Engine Fuels at Airports (2011) provides an analytical model that airport opera...
Example Executive Branch

EPA’s Light Duty Vehicle Emissions Standards for MY 2023-2026

In December 2021, EPA finalized revised national GHG emissions standards for passenger cars and light trucks for Model Years 2023- 2026. The final standards would achieve significant GHG emissions red...
Example States and State Governments

Georgia Fuel Tax Exemption Expiration

In 2019, Georgia’s General Assembly failed to renew a tax exemption on jet fuel that they’d given airlines for more than a decade. House Bill 447, intended to grant a 20-year extension to fuel tax bre...
Example Executive Branch

Executive Order 13693

EO 13693 (2015) called on federal agencies to “consider the development of policies to promote sustainable commuting and work-related travel practices for Federal employees that foster workplace vehic...
Example Local Governments

Chicago Clean Fleet Ordinance

Chicago passed an ordinance requiring all contractors on city projects to have a certain clean fleet score.
Example States and State Governments

Nevada’s SB 448

In June 2021, Nevada Legislature passed SB448 to invest $100 million in transportation electrification and direct transmission providers to join a Regional Transmission Organization (RTO) by 2030. On ...
Resource Foreign

Report, Shipping and Aviation Emissions in the Context of a 2 Degree Emissions Pathway

Manchester Metropolitan University’s study concludes that, if the world were otherwise on a 2 degree pathway while shipping emissions maintained a business-as-usual trajectory, total shipping emission...
Example Foreign

Global Maritime Technology Network

The Global Maritime Technology Network project, funded by the European Union, has established a network of five Maritime Technology Cooperation Centres (MTCCs) in Africa, Asia, the Caribbean, Latin Am...
Example Congress

Federal EV Tax Credit

The U.S. government provides a federal tax credit of up to $7,500 for those who purchase electric or hybrid vehicles. The government previously provided a tax credit for the qualifying costs of the pu...
Example States and State Governments

Illinois’ Right to Charge Act

Illinois’ SB40 requires new or renovated homes and multi-unit residential buildings to have conduits to charge electric vehicles.
Resource Local Governments

The Zero Emission Vehicle Municipal Handbook

The Zero Emission Vehicle Municipal Handbook (2017), prepared by the Rhode Island Office of Statewide Planning, outlines issues in land use and parking policy related to the integration of EVs. The Ha...
Resource States and State Governments

Maine’s Proposed LD 1894 (2020)

Maine’s proposed LD 1894 (2020) would would require all school buses statewide to operate with electric power by 2040.
Example Local Governments

San Francisco’s EV Ready Ordinance

San Francisco’s EV Ready Ordinance (2017) requires all new residential and commercial buildings to configure 10% of parking spaces to be “turnkey ready” for an EV charger installation, and an addition...
Example Foreign

French “Bonus/Malus” Feebate Program

France introduced the “bonus/malus” feebate program in 2008, making it one of the only countries to implement a fee and rebate system in conjunction. In 2010, the ICCT claimed that the French feebate ...
Resource Foreign

Model Law on Data Sharing for Transportation Policy Development

Myriad transportation apps — like CityMapper, ridesharing, or public transit apps — know how our cities move about better than anyone, and yet they often protect that user data en masse. The Chancery ...
Model Law States and State Governments

LPDD Model Law: State EV Charging Station Rebates

This model state law provides rebates to subsidize the installation of publicly accessible electric vehicle charging equipment. Under the law, the state would provide a one-time payment for the cost o...
Resource Public Utilities

PG&E, GM Pilot Using EVs to Power Homes

In March, 2022, Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E) and General Motors (GM) announced a pilot aimed at using electric vehicles as on-demand home power sources in the utility’s Northern California service ar...
Example Public Utilities

Plug-In Austin initiative

Austin Energy’s Plug-In Austin initiative offers rebates for the purchase of home charging stations, electric bikes, as well as charging infrastructure at businesses and multi-family housing developme...
Resource Local Governments

Vermont EV Report

The Vermont Public Utility Commission issued a report that describes ways to promote the ownership and use of EVs in Vermont. The report sets forth extensive recommendations for actions to be taken by...
Example States and State Governments

Washington’s SB 5811

Washington’s SB 5811 adds the state to the group of states supporting the Zero Emission Vehicles standards adopted in California.
Resource Local Governments

Report, A New Way Forward: Envisioning a Transportation System Without Carbon Pollution

The Frontier Group released a 2016 report titled A New Way Forward: Envisioning a Transportation System Without Carbon Pollution, which analyzes steps including the design of more dense, walkable comm...
Resource Congress

ICAO voluntary efficiency goal

In 2010, ICAO member states adopted a goal of global annual average fuel efficiency improvements of 2% annually until 2020 and an aspirational global fuel efficiency improvement rate of 2% annually fr...
Resource Executive Branch

DOT’s Positive Train Control Resources

The Department of Transportation and Federal Railroad Administration maintain resources on positive train control, including relevant regulations, technical standards, grants, and implementation statu...
Example Foreign

SEEMP Guidelines

MARPOL’s Ship Energy Efficiency and Management Plan guidelines were made mandatory for all ships with the adoption on MEPC 203(62). The guidelines require that all ships of shipping companies develop ...
Example States and State Governments

New Jersey’s Municipal Redevelopment Charging Stations Legislation

This July 2021 legislation encourages the inclusion of zero-emission vehicle charging and fueling infrastructure in municipal redevelopment projects. This bill makes the construction of publicly avail...
Resource States and State Governments

California’s Advanced Clean Fleets Rule

In May 2023, the California Air Resources Board approved the Advanced Clean Fleets Rule. The rule complements the previously approved Advanced Clean Trucks Regulation: while the Clean Trucks Regulatio...
Example States and State Governments

Maryland’s Law Against EV Charging Station Bans in Housing Co-Ops

Maryland’s SB 465 (2024) prohibits the enforcement of rules that limit or prevent the installation and use of EV charging equipment in housing cooperatives, including charging equipment for electric b...
Example States and State Governments

Rhose Island’s Executive Order 15-17

Executive Order 15-17 (2015) requires that, by 2025, 25% of new light-duty state fleet purchases and leases must be zero-emissions vehicles.
Resource States and State Governments

Washington SB 1287

This April 2021 legislation out of Washington requires that all publicly and privately owned passenger and light duty vehicles of model year 2030 or later be electric. To protect highway revenues, thi...
Example States and State Governments

California’s SB 350 and Responsive PUC Decisions

California’s SB 350 (2015) ordered the PUC to direct the state’s six investor-owned electric utilities to file applications for programs that “accelerate widespread transportation electrification.” In...
Example States and State Governments

Delaware’s EV-Capable Parking Requirements

Delaware’s SS1 for SB 103 (2023) requires that newly constructed single-family homes have EV capable parking, and that multi-family residential buildings include EV capable parking and EV charging inf...
Resource States and State Governments

IREC Report, Enabling Equitable Electric Vehicle Shared Mobility Programs

This 2022 report from the Interstate Renewable Energy Council overviews traditional transportation planning, new models of planning that integrate shared mobility, and the role of utilities in equitab...
Example Local Governments

Bloomington MN’s Mixed-Use Zoning in Transit-Oriented Districts

Bloomington’s zoning code promotes mixed-use areas close to transit services, combining elements of both minimum requirements and incentive-based development practices. The ordinance requires that onl...
Example States and State Governments

Virginia’s Dedicated Fund for Rail Projects

Virginia has created a dedicated fund for intercity passenger rail, and the state’s Six-Year Improvement Program adopted in 2017 allocates almost $800 million to passenger rail projects.
Resource States and State Governments

Report, Aviation Emissions: Actions New York lawmakers could take to accelerate the transition to sustainable aviation

This April 2020 white paper offers options for lawmakers to accelerate progress in reducing aviation emissions. It outlines options addressing airports, hospitals, businesses and consumers, airlines,a...
Example Local Governments

San Carlos EV Charging Density Bonuses

The city of San Carlos provides developers with a density bonus for providing parking with EV charging. Under Section 18.05.030 of the municipal code, developers are allowed to exceed the maximum allo...
Example Public Utilities

Florida Light & Power EV Charging Rate Pilot

On June 19, 2020, Florida Light & Power Company (FPL) initiated a proceeding to petition the Florida Public Service Commission (PSC) for approval of a five-year electric vehicle (EV) charging pilot fo...
Resource Executive Branch

EPA’s Finalized Tailpipe Regulations (2024)

In March 2024, EPA finalized new rules on vehicle emissions for both light- and heavy-duty vehicles that will push the auto industry to accelerate its transition to electric vehicles. For light- and m...
Resource Congress

CE Delft: A Study on Aviation Ticket Taxes

CE Delft’s 2018 study reviewed legal disputes over five different ticket taxes. Though the study surveyed European countries, the disputes were founded on statutes relevant to the US, including Articl...
Resource Local Governments

Sustainable Land Use Code Project’s 2014 Model Land Use Regulations

The Sustainable Land Use Code Project’s 2014 Model Land Use Regulations includes a model transit-oriented development code, showing how to create subdistricts, mandate pedestrian frontage, use standar...
Resource Local Governments

California’s UrbanFootprint tool

California’s UrbanFootprint tool is a web-based software platform built to help planners and policy makers determine the best scenarios and outcomes for their communities. It makes comprehensive data,...
Example Local Governments

San Francisco’s Live/Work Units Zoning

San Francisco’s municipal code allows live/work units where at least fifty percent of total floor area is used for work activities and there are two or fewer non-resident employees.
Resource Local Governments

EDF Report, Accelerating Zero Emissions Delivery

This white paper introduces the concept of a Zero-Emissions Delivery Zone (ZED Zone), a new innovative financing model that can accelerate commercial vehicle electrification. Taking a primarily busine...
Example States and State Governments

New Jersey Bill Requiring Developers To Offer EV Charging

This 2020 New Jersey bill requires a developer to offer to install an electric vehicle (EV) charging station at certain new residential construction when a prospective owner chooses so. They shall inf...
Resource Executive Branch

US Aviation GHG Emission Reduction Plan

The United States Aviation Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Plan (2015) submitted to ICAO summarizes federal research efforts at the FAA, NASA, and DOD to pursue lower emissions aviation technology.
Resource Executive Branch

Report, Climate Reregulation in a Biden Administration

This August 2020 report from the Sabin Center for Climate Change Law charts a course for executive action that, under a new presidential administration, would reverse the deregulatory agenda of the Tr...
Example States and State Governments

California’s Complete Streets Bill

California’s SB 960 requires the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) to make improvements for biking, walking, and transit infrastructure when it upgrades state-owned roads. This infras...
Example States and State Governments

New York’s Inspection and Maintenance program for Heavy Duty Vehicles

New York’s Inspection and Maintenance program for HDVs is codified at 6 NYCRR 217-5.
Resource Congress

Report, An Analysis of US Subsidies for Electric Buses and Freight Trucks

This January 2022 issue brief analyzes the CO2 reductions possible under various potential subsidies for electric transit buses and certain trucks. It offers a new computational model that accounts fo...
Example Local Governments

Grand Rapids Home Occupation Zoning

Grand Rapids zoning code permits home occupations with a focus on preserving the character of the neighborhood and the residential quality of the home. Grand Rapids also permits live/work units on “re...
Example Local Governments

Seattle Green Fleet Program

Seattle Public Utilities plans to use a fossil fuel-free, primary collection fleet by early 2020. The SPU “Green Fleet” will be made up of close to 200 contractor trucks powered by electricity, renewa...
Resource States and State Governments

AchiEVe Toolkit

AchiEVe: Model Policies to Accelerate Electric Vehicle Adoption, is a national toolkit designed to accelerate the switch to clean, electric vehicles (EVs) in an effective and equitable way by providin...
Example States and State Governments

New Jersey Sales Tax Exemption for ZEVs

The New Jersey Sales and Use Tax Act provides a sales and use tax exemption for zero emission vehicles (ZEVs), which are vehicles certified pursuant to the California Air Resources Board zero emission...
Resource Public Utilities

Florida Utilities’ vehicle charging infrastructure program

In a 2017 Order, Florida’s PSC approved an $8 million light-duty vehicle charging infrastructure program.
Example Private Entities

Airlines for America Climate Pledge

Airlines for America, the trade group representing all of the major U.S. airlines along with cargo giants UPS and FedEx, announced in March 2021 that its members are committing to achieving net-zero c...
Resource Foreign

Report, Reducing CO2 Emissions to Zero

The International Chamber of Shipping’s 2018 report, Reducing CO2 Emissions to Zero: The ‘Paris Agreement for Shipping’, addresses the challenges in developing zero emission shipping fuels, emissions ...
Example States and State Governments

Oregon’s Advanced Clean Trucks Rules

In November 2021, Oregon adopted elements of California’s Advanced Clean Trucks Rule, which requires manufacturers of medium- and heavy- duty vehicles to sell a certain percentage of zero emission veh...
Example States and State Governments

Hawaii’s SB 2746

Under SB 2746, plug-in electric vehicles are eligible for the HOV lane with the correct license plate displayed.
Example States and State Governments

Florida’s Statute 316-0741

Under Statute 316-0741, plug-in electric vehicles are eligible for most HOV lanes with Florida’s HOV decal.
Example Executive Branch

EO 14057

In December 2021, President Biden signed EO 14057, which orders the U.S. government to be “net-zero” by 2050. EO 14057 directs the federal government to leverage its 300,000 buildings, 600,000 cars an...
Example States and State Governments

New York’s SB 5820

New York’s SB 5820 (2019) requires the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority to study and make recommendations regarding the state’s electric vehicle inventory and improvements to t...
Resource Congress

ICAO Fuels Task Group

The ICAO Fuels Task Group (2019) (formerly the Alternative Fuels Task Force) will have the obligation of developing a methodology to assess the life cycle emissions of biofuels, upon which basis ICAO ...
Example States and State Governments

Delaware Adopts Advanced Clean Cars II

Delaware adopted California’s Advanced Clean Cars (ACC II) regulation, effective December 11th, 2023. Starting in model year 2027, vehicle manufacturers are required to sell an increasing number of ze...
Model Law Congress

LPDD Model Law: Reducing Black Carbon in Arctic Shipping

As new shipping lanes emerge in the Arctic, the potential harms attributable to black carbon emissions — which coats the surrounding ice surface black and accordingly increases the rate of heat absorp...
Example Local Governments

Sebastopol Gas Station Ban

Passed in April 2022, this ordinance prohibits new fossil fuel service stations as well as the expansion of the fossil fuel infrastructure of existing gasoline / service stations in Sebastopol, Califo...
Resource Congress

Proposed Green Streets Act (2021)

Reintroduced in 2021, the federal GREEN Streets Act would establish standards for emissions and vehicle miles traveled on the national highway system, while requiring states and Metropolitan Planning ...
Model Law Local Governments

LPDD Model Law: Local Ordinance Adopting NFPA Hydrogen Technologies Code

Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are one of the most promising technologies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from heavy-duty vehicles (e.g., trucks and buses). Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles face a numbe...
Model Law Local Governments

LPDD Model Law: EV-Ready Commercial Building Code

This model law would require new or significantly altered commercial, industrial, or multi-family residential buildings to be equipped with the installation of Level 2 electric vehicle supply equipmen...
Example Local Governments

New York’s “City of Yes for Carbon Neutrality” Initiative

The New York City Council approved the “City of Yes for Carbon Neutrality” plan in December 2023, a set of citywide zoning changes making it easier to install a variety of distributed energy resources...
Example States and State Governments

2016 CalGreen Building Code

The 2016 CalGreen Building Code (specifically sections 5.106.5.3 and A5.106.5.3) stipulates a required number of parking spots and EV chargers for parking lots of different sizes. There are also stric...
Resource States and State Governments

Colorado SB 260 (2021)

This omnibus transportation bill includes specific provisions on transportation equity and expanding access to electric vehicles. The bill includes the following: Creates the Community Access Enterpri...
Example Foreign

GloMEEP Project

The Global Maritime Energy Efficiency Partnerships Project is aimed at supporting the uptake and implementation of energy efficiency measures for shipping. The GloMEEP project was launched in 2015 in ...
Example Executive Branch

DOE Electric Vehicle Innovation Funding

In 2017, DOE made a collective $5.7M award to Battery500, a consortium of battery companies, to fund 15 projects geared towards developing a battery that costs less than $100/kWh. In 2018, DOE followe...
Example Executive Branch

Repealed Rules Requiring Planning Agencies to Track CO2 Emissions

Although it was swiftly repealed by the Trump Administration, in January 2017 the Federal Highway Administration briefly published a final rule (82 Fed. Reg. 5970) requiring state and regional plannin...
Example States and State Governments

New York’s 2035 EV Target

In September 2021, New York adopted a law that will require all passenger vehicles sold in the state to be emission-free by 2035. The law will make New York the second state after California to phase ...
Example States and State Governments

California’s Low-Emission Vehicle Program

California’s Low-Emission Vehicle Program (2012) includes emissions standards for both criteria pollutants and GHGs for new passenger vehicles. As of September 2019, the program is threatened by the T...
Example States and State Governments

Virginia’s Transportation Electrification Planning Legislation

This bill requires Virginia’s State Corporation Commission to submit, no later than May 1, 2022, a report to the State’s General Assembly recommending policy proposals that could govern public electri...
Example Public Utilities

ConEd Electric School Bus V2G Demonstration Project

As part of the Reforming the Energy Vision proceeding in New York, Con Edison received approval to launch a demonstration project using electric school bus batteries as grid assets. Con Edison, in par...
Resource Local Governments

Montgomery County MD Electric School Bus Agreement

In February 2021, the Montgomery County Public Schools (MCPS) Board of Education (Maryland) approved a contract with Highland Electric Transportation, a provider of turnkey electric fleet solutions, t...
Example Local Governments

Salt Lake City Charging Station Policies

Salt Lake City charges no fee to use a number of Level 2 charging stations installed around the city. Level 3 charging stations are subject to a $2.00 fee per charging session plus 21 cents/kWh.
Example Local Governments

NYC Legislative Package on E-Bikes

In March 2023, NYC unveiled a Micromobility Action Plan focused on four key areas: Promoting and incentivizing safe battery use, increasing education and outreach to electric micromobility users, advo...
Example States and State Governments

NY EV Charging Subsidies

New York offers several different programs subsidizing different entities to install EV charging infrastructure, including up to a $5,000 tax credit for public and workplace chargers, $4,000 rebates f...
Model Law States and State Governments

LPDD Model Law: Transportation Electrification Statute

This model state law that would cause State PUCs to encourage electric utilities to support the development of the infrastructure needed to charge a dramatically increasing number of EVs. The legislat...
Resource Congress

ICAO carbon standard

The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is a UN-organized body that encourages its 191 member states to adopt sustainable growth strategies. In March 2017, ICAO adopted a carbon standard ...
Resource States and State Governments

ACEEE Report, Electrifying Trucks

ACEEE’s 2020 report reviews technical features and challenges of electric trucks, surveys the current status of the market, summarizes electric rates and other policy efforts in the field, and conclud...
Resource Congress

Proposed CLEAN Future Act (2020)

The proposed Climate Leadership and Environmental Action for our Nation’s (CLEAN) Future Act (2020) is a large, economy-wide climate bill released by the House Committee on Energy and Commerce. Among ...
Example Executive Branch

EPA’s National Clean Diesel Grants Program

EPA’s National Clean Diesel Grants Program provides grants to government entities and nonprofits to assist owners in financing the retrofit, repowering, or replacement of certain HDVs.
Resource Congress

ICAO’s Sustainable Aviation Fuels Guide

The ICAO’s Sustainable Aviation Fuels Guide (2018) was prepared to inform ICAO Member States on how sustainable aviation fuels can be deployed to reduce CO2 emissions from international aviation activ...
Resource States and State Governments

Connecticut’s Proposed Legislation on EV Charging in Common Interest Developments

Connecticut is considering legislation that would grant condo owners and renters the right to install their own car chargers, part of a broader effort to dramatically expand the state’s electric vehic...
Resource Private Entities

Model Environmental Business Charter for Law Firms

The Chancery Lane Project, a collaborative effort of UK lawyers to develop new contracts and model laws to help fight climate change, has published a model environmental business charter for law firms...
Example Public Utilities

San Diego Gas and Electric’s Off-Peak Chargers

In a 2016 Decision, the California PUC approved San Diego Gas and Electric to install 350 EV chargers across the city at a variant rate to encourage owners to charge their vehicles during off-peak hou...
Resource Executive Branch

EPA Rule on Aerodynamics of Heavy-Duty Vehicle Trailers

In 2016, EPA and NHTSA planned to regulate the aerodynamics of HDV trailers, a rule that was projected to save 9% in per-vehicle fuel savings by 2027. See 81 Fed. Reg. 73478, at 73521. That rule was c...
Example States and State Governments

Washington’s Sustainable Aviation Fuel Legislation

HB 5447 (2023) provides incentives for the production of “alternative jet fuel” in Washington. “Alternative jet fuel” is defined as a fuel that can be blended and used with conventional petroleum jet ...
Example Executive Branch

DOE’s Vehicle Technologies Office

The DOE’s Vehicle Technologies Office supports research in a variety of fields relating to electric and hybrid vehicles, including applied battery research.
Resource States and State Governments

North Carolina’s Executive Order 80 (2018)

North Carolina’s Executive Order 80 (2018) directed an increase in the number of registered zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs) to at least 80,000 statewide by 2025. The State Department of Transportation w...
Model Law States and State Governments

LPDD Model Law: State Statute Providing Rebates for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles and Hydrogen Refueling Stations

Emission-free hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs) fueled by clean energy-hydrogen could play an important role in the decarbonization of the transportation system in the United States. This is especia...
Resource US Ports

EDF’s Clean Air Guide for Ports and Terminals

EDF’s Clean Air Guide for Ports and Terminals surveys best practices to reduce emissions from freight transportation activities.
Example Executive Branch

FAA Next Generation Air Transportation System

A research collaborative, the NextGen portfolio encompasses the planning and implementation of innovative new technologies and airspace procedures.
Resource US Ports

Voluntary Airport Low Emissions Program

Established by the Airport and Airway Improvement Act of 1982, the Federal Aviation Administration runs a Voluntary Airport Low Emissions Program, which is primarily designed to combat air pollution, ...
Resource Local Governments

Petaluma Gas Station Ban

In March 2021, the Petaluma, CA City Council voted unanimously to prohibit the creation, expansion, reconstruction and relocation of gas stations, encouraging owners to transition to stations that ser...
Example Public Utilities

Oregon’s Charging Program for Utility AEP

In a 2018 Order, Ohio’s PUC approved a $10 million light-duty vehicle charging infrastructure program for the utility AEP.
Resource Executive Branch

Report, Fixing Market Failures to Cut Fuel Costs and Pollution from Cars and Trucks

This report analyzes a key issue in U.S. transportation policy: the energy efficiency gap. Economists have long observed that while more fuel-efficient cars and trucks save consumers the most money ov...
Example Local Governments

Sunnyvale’s Live/Work Unit Zoning

Sunnyvale’s Zoning Code permits live/work units in mixed use combining districts so long as no portion of the unit is rented or sold separately.
Example Local Governments

Houston’s Reimagined Network Plan

Houston overhauled its entire transit network in 2015, at no extra cost, focusing on maximizing ridership. Modifications included simpler lines and better connections, providing higher frequency servi...
Example Local Governments

Potrero Power Station Mixed-Use Project

In 2020, San Francisco approved a new development at the former Potrero Power Station. The new development, the Potrero Power Station Mixed-Use Project, will be a 29-acre sustainable community project...
Resource Congress

CAA rules delegating shipping emissions authority to states

The Clean Air Act gives US states the right to draw up their own “in-use” rules on reducing greenhouse gases from international shipping. They may submit these rules for EPA approval, or enact them on...
Resource Local Governments

Complete Streets Coalition

Smart Growth America manages a national Complete Streets Coalition that calls for streets to be planned, designed, operated, and maintained to safely accommodate users of all modes of transportation.
Model Law States and State Governments

LPDD Model Law: State Income Tax Credit Legislation For Purchasing Used AFVs

This model state income tax credit legislation is designed to incentivize the purchase of used AFVs, by (i) helping maintain the resale value of AFVs and (ii) making used AFVs more affordable. The mod...
Example Foreign

IMO DCS regulation

The IMO approved a Data Collection System regulation in 2017 (MEPC 292(71)) requiring all ships to report fuel consumption, distance, and time at sea, which would be disclosed publicly on an anonymize...
Example States and State Governments

Delaware Law Allowing State-Sponsored EV Charging Equipment

In September 2021, the Delaware legislature adopted this Act to encourage the adoption of electric vehicles in the State by creating more accessible electric vehicle charging infrastructure. Specifica...
Example States and State Governments

California Executive Order on Zero Emissions Vehicles

California’s Governor signed a September 2020 executive order requiring sales of all new passenger vehicles to be zero-emission by 2035 and additional measures to eliminate harmful emissions from the ...
Resource Foreign

Report, Reducing CO2 and Other Emissions from Shipping

The House of Commons Environmental Audit Committee’s 2009 report, Reducing CO2 and Other Emissions from Shipping, examines UK efforts on three fronts: negotiations to tackle shipping emissions at an i...
Example States and State Governments

New Jersey Incentives for Reduced Diesel Emissions in Construction Projects

As part of New Jersey’s Stop the Soot campaign, the state installed a number of pollution-control devices on nonroad construction equipment used on selected NJ DOT projects. Executive Order 60 (2011) ...
Example Congress

Railroad Safety Improvement Act of 2008

The Railroad Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (122 Stat. 4848) required certain railroad lines to install positive train control technology by the end of 2015, a deadline which has been extended.
Example US Ports

Port of Virginia Electrification

Virginia’s governor announced a plan to make all 160 yard tractors operating at the Port of Virginia’s six port facilities go electric. The Port of Virginia will use $14 million in VW Trust funds and ...
MCLI Resource

LPDD Top Tens: Light-Duty Vehicles

For those in search of a shortcut through the vast LPDD database, we're proud to highlight a subset of our most useful pathways for state and local government leaders on light duty vehicles.
Resource Local Governments

Report, Model State & Local Policies to Accelerate Electric Vehicle Adoption

The Sierra Club’s 2018 report, Model State & Local Policies to Accelerate Electric Vehicle Adoption, surveys policies including vehicle rebates and tax credits, government fleet mandates, consumer edu...
Resource Congress

Report, Modernizing Freight Rail Regulation

The National Research Council has prepared recommendations for how to revise railroad rate regulation, including the development of competitive rate benchmarking methodology; required binding arbitrat...
Example Local Governments

Atlanta EV-Readiness Ordinance

Ordinance 17-O-1654 requires all new residential homes and public parking facilities to accommodate EVs. Twenty percent of the spaces in all new commercial and multi-family parking structures and all ...
Example Local Governments

Atlanta Sales Tax Increases for Transit Expansion

In 2016, Atlanta voters approved a pair of sales tax increases that are projected to raise $300 million over five years and another $2.5 billion over 40 years to fund transit expansion and enhancement...
Example States and State Governments

Maine’s EV Infrastructure Development Legislation

Maine’s LD347 (2021) requires transmission and distribution utilities to submit proposed rate schedules to promote EV infrastructure development and utilization. This bill requires each transmission a...
Example Public Utilities

Exelon’s Clean Fleet Targets

In June 2020, Exelon, which serves approximately 10 million customers through six different utility companies across Delaware, Illinois, Maryland, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and the District of Columbia...
Resource States and State Governments

Powering Up Californians Act

Facing challenges with the pace of building out the electric grid, California’s SB 410 requires the California Public Utilities Commission set target timelines for utilities to connect and upgrade cus...
Example Executive Branch

Advanced Technologies Vehicle Manufacturing Program

The Advanced Technologies Vehicle Manufacturing Program provides direct loans to automotive or component manufacturers for reequipping, expanding, or establishing manufacturing facilities in the U.S. ...
Resource Executive Branch

MIT’s Report 318: A Win-Win Solution to Abate Aviation CO2 (2017)

MIT’s Report 318: A Win-Win Solution to Abate Aviation CO2 (2017) proposed how EPA could establish a benchmark intensity system with tradeable permits for aviation CO2, which might exist concurrently ...
Example States and State Governments

Massachusetts Law Assessing EV Charging Rates

Among the many provisions of Massachusetts 2021 comprehensive transportation bill (H.5248), the state required utilities to study and present alternatives to traditional EV charging rate design. Tradi...
Example States and State Governments

California’s Proposed Bi-Directional Charging Bill

Approved by the State Senate in May 2023, SB 233 would ensure that new electric vehicles sold in California by 2030 have the capability to power the EV’s owner’s home or provide energy to the grid. Wi...
Example States and State Governments

New York’s EV Charging Standards Bill for New Buildings

In March 2025, New York adopted a law directing the state energy conservation construction code to establish new standards for EV infrastructure in new buildings with off-street parking. Starting in 2...
Example Local Governments

Alameda County Municipal Fleet Purchases

Alameda County led a collective purchase of 90 EVs for ten county and municipal public fleets. The aggregate procurement resulted in the purchase of 64 Ford Focus EV sedans at $31,361 per vehicle and ...
Example States and State Governments

California Clean Vehicle Rebate Program

The California Clean Vehicle Rebate Program provides qualifying purchasers up to a $7,000 rebate for the purchase or lease of new zero-emission or plug-in hybrid light duty vehicles.
Resource States and State Governments

New Jersey’s proposed AB 4392

New Jersey’s proposed AB 4392 (2018) would have raised airline fuel taxes $0.04 per gallon on fuel purchased in New Jersey airports offering more than 20,000 commercial flights a year, using that reve...
Example Local Governments

El Paso Live-Work Flex Units Zoning

El Paso’s code of ordinances allows live-work flex units divided into two categories: restricted-only units for artisans or professionals with no more than one employee and two customers at any time; ...
Example States and State Governments

Arizona Neighborhood Occupantless Electric Vehicle Legislation

Arizona’s SB 1333 (2022) regulates neighborhood occupantless electric vehicles — a self-propelled motor vehicle that: 1) is emission free; 2) has at least four wheels in contact with the ground; and 3...
Example Private Entities

EV & Battery Challenge

The EV & Battery Challenge is a private competition, launched in June 2020, to find startups working on battery and electric vehicle technology, funded by Kia, Hyundai, and LG Chem. The startups will ...
Example States and State Governments

Virginia Transportation Board’s Project Prioritization System

The Virginia Transportation Board’s project prioritization system uses the potential to reduce GHG emissions as a factor in scoring projects so that they can be prioritized for inclusion in the state ...
Model Law Local Governments

LPDD Model Law: EV Ready Building Code for One- and Two-Family Homes

To meet the EV penetration goals identified in the LPDD text, every garage or parking structure, be it residential, commercial, or industrial, being built or significantly altered should be designed a...
Model Law Private Entities

LPDD Best Practices: Hydrogen Fueling Station Siting, Permitting, and Construction

This best practices guide addresses how to overcome economic barriers to hydrogen fueling stations, and avoid time-consuming pitfalls in the siting, permitting, and construction processes.
Example Public Utilities

Duke EV Subscription and Active Management Pilots

As states continue considering new rate designs to incorporate EVs and EV infrastructure at new scales, Duke Energy in North Carolina recently proposed new pilot programs to test a subscription and ac...
Example Local Governments

Boston Transportation Improvement Program

The Boston Regional Metropolitan Planning Organization’s Transportation Improvement Program, the region’s five-year transportation capital investment plan, uses GHG and VMT reductions as a factor in a...
Example Local Governments

Oakland EV Charging Ordinance

In December 2016, the City of Oakland passed Ordinance 13408, which was designed to accelerate the installation of vehicle chargers to meet demand. Builders in Oakland are now required to provide at l...
Example Foreign

Initial IMO Strategy on Reduction of GHG Emissions from Ships

The Initial IMO Strategy on Reduction of GHG Remissions from Ships (2018) envisages for a reduction in total GHG emissions from international shipping which, it says, should peak as soon as possible a...
Resource Local Governments

Report, Docked or Dockless: Which Bike Share System is Right For You?

On Bike Share has prepared a white paper on bike share program deployment strategies as they relate to privately operated bike share programs on corporate/university campuses, and residential/commerci...
Example States and State Governments

Maryland’s Clean Trucks Act of 2023

In April 2023, Maryland passed the Clean Trucks Act of 2023. The Act requires the Maryland Department of the Environment to adopt regulations by December that establish sales targets for manufacturers...
Model Law Congress

LPDD Model Law: Federal Interoperability Provisions for Commercial EV Chargers

One obstacle to the widespread availability of publicly accessible, convenient EV Level 2 charging equipment and DC fast chargers is the inadequate interoperability that currently exists among the var...
Resource Congress

Report, Global Transportation Energy and Climate Roadmap

The International Council on Clean Transportation released a 2012 report titled Global Transportation Energy and Climate Roadmap, which analyzed different policy trajectories to meet transportation de...
Example Local Governments

California’s Sustainable Communities and Climate Protection Law

California’s Sustainable Communities and Climate Protection Law (S.B. 375) requires MPOs to prepare strategies to meet GHG targets, and requires each MPO to develop a sustainable communities strategy ...
Resource Local Governments

Plug-in Electric Vehicle Policy Evaluation Rubric

The National Association of State Energy Officials published a Plug-in Electric Vehicle (PEV) Policy Evaluation Rubric, which allows users to evaluate the strength and weaknesses of all PEV-related po...
Example Foreign

MARPOL Annex VI

The International Convention on the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) entered into force in 1973 and has been amended to apply to GHGs. MARPOL rules apply to all ships flying flag of any cou...
Example States and State Governments

Washington’s Advanced Clean Truck and ZEV Regulations

In November 2021, Washington State adopted California’s more protective vehicle emission standards for new vehicles – starting with model year 2025 and later. This rulemaking expands Washington’s vehi...
Resource States and State Governments

C2ES Database on Clean Vehicle Policies and Incentives

C2ES maintains a state-by-state database of clean vehicle policies and incentives, containing a general subject matter overview, brief descriptions of state policies, and links to relevant documentati...
Example States and State Governments

Massachusetts Emergency Advanced Clean Trucks Regulation

In December 2021, to further reduce transportation emissions and accelerate the adoption of zero-emission vehicles (ZEV), the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection filed emergency regul...
Resource States and State Governments

Report, California Feebate: Revenue Neutral Approach to Support Transition Towards More Energy Efficient Vehicles

This 2017 UC Davis report explores the possibility of California imposing fees to less fuel efficient vehicles and smaller rebates to more fuel efficient cars and trucks. The goal of the proposed prog...
Example Local Governments

NYC Congestion Pricing Program

The Central Business District Tolling Program, a congestion pricing proposal, was approved in 2019 as part of the New York State Budget. While pricing, exemptions, and other details of the law have ye...
Resource States and State Governments

ACEEE Report, Energy Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions through State Freight Planning

This 2020 report examines how state freight planning could help increase the efficiency of the freight network, including through streamlined truck operations and greater use of trains and ships. As s...
Resource Local Governments

GoEVCity Policy Toolkit

The GoEVCity Policy Toolkit is a catalog of local policies, strategies, and programs designed to advance the transition to EVs in Colorado communities. The toolkit takes a holistic approach to the tra...
Example US Ports

Port of Los Angeles Clean Truck Program

In 2008, the Port of Los Angeles banned pre-1989 trucks followed by a progressive ban on all trucks that did not meet 2007 emission standards by 2012. In 2018, only model year 2014 or newer were allow...