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Sectoral Emissions Controls: Primary Metals

MCLI Recommendation: “Congress and the administration should focus on key processes that take place within energy-intensive industries, such as fractional distillation in refineries; steam cracking in petrochemical plants; pulp making, drying, and finishing in paper production; preservation, process heating, and machine-driven end uses in food processing; upstream production approaches in the iron and steel sector; conversion of bauxite to alumina and its electrolysis; clinker production in cement manufacture; and motor and steam systems across a number of sectors.”

LPDD Recommendation: “Congress and the administration should promote available and near-term BATs to shore up the process efficiency of major industrial sectors and lower direct carbon emissions.”

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10 resources

Resource Foreign

Report, Progress and Future of Breakthrough Low-carbon Steelmaking Technology (ULCOS) of EU

Yan Junjie’s 2018 report notes the current progress and future research of steelmaking program with ultra-low CO2 emission in Europe, among which TGR-BF, HIsarna, ULCORED, ULCOWIN and ULCOLYSIS are co...

Resource Congress

Report, Opportunities for Reducing CO2 in European Industry

The Alliance for Global Sustainability published a 2012 report, Opportunities for Reducing CO2 in European Industry. The report serves as an ex-post analysis of other research studies in a series, whi...

Resource Congress

Long-Term Model-Based Projections for Energy Use and CO2 Emissions From Global Steel and Cement Industries

Van Ruijvan et al.’s 2016 report presents a global simulation-model for the steel and cement industries covering the full modelling chain from economic activity, to materials consumption, trade, techn...

Resource Foreign

Report, Exploring the Limits for CO2 Emission Abatement in the EU Power and Industry Sectors

Rootzen and Johnson’s 2014 report assessed the prospects for presently available abatement technologies to achieve significant reductions in CO2 emissions from large stationary sources of CO2 in the E...

Resource Private Entities

Report, Cold Steel Hot Climate

This report lays out the case for transitioning the steel industry (particularly Nucor, the company responsible for 29% of US steel production) towards using renewable energy in the production of stee...

Resource Congress

Report, The Impact of Climate Targets on Steel Production

Morfeldt et al.’s 2014 paper, The Impact of Climate Targets on Steel Production – An Analysis Based on a Global Energy System Model, addresses how a global climate target may influence iron and steel ...

Resource Congress

Report, A review of the technologies, economics and policy instruments for decarbonising energy-intensive manufacturing industries

Napp et al.’s 2014 report seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of the technologies for reducing emissions from industrial processes by collating information from a wide range of sources.

Example Executive Branch

Existing Standards for Primary Metals

At present, EPA regulates iron and steel and primary metals production through New Source Performance Standards that cover, among other things, basic oxygen furnaces and electric arc furnaces at steel...

Resource Foreign

Report, Decarbonising Europeʼs energy intensive industries

Wyns and Axelson’s 2016 report focuses on innovative process technologies in emissions intensive industries that significantly improve the emission performance compared to current (state-of-the-art) t...

Resource Congress

Report, Reducing CO2 emissions from heavy industry

The Grantham Institute published a 2012 report, Reducing CO2 emissions from heavy industry: a review of technologies and considerations for policy makers. The report outlines the options for reducing ...